Bemisia tabaci a strain of pest accidentally imported into florida from the middle east then spread to california where it is a very serious pest. Jun 01, 2015 shatters jr rg, powell ca, boykin lm, liansheng h, mckenzie cl. Silverleaf whitefly, formerly known as bemsia argentifolii, is now officially recognized as the b biotype. We report here the discovery of five new subsaharan africa ssa b. Performance assessment of cotton cultivars against. The contribution of conservation biological control to. Bernisia tabaci is believed to be a species complex, with a number of recognised biotypes and two described extant cryptic species. Laboratory populations of the sweet potato whitefly, bemisia tabaci, have been shown to consist of both migratory and trivial flying morphs. As part of a coordinated countrywide effort, an extensive survey of b. Apr 11, 2006 the past three decades have witnessed a dramatic increase in interest in the whitefly bemisia tabaci, owing to its nature as a taxonomically cryptic species, the damage it causes to a large number of herbaceous plants because of its specialized feeding in the phloem, and to its ability to serve as a vector of plant viruses. Whitefly bemisia tabaci management program for ornamental plants1 vivek kumar, cristi palmer, cindy l. Insecticide efficacy for bemisia tabaci q and b biotypes on poinsettia. Bemisia tabaci is one of the most economically important agricultural and horticultural pests in the world. Bemisia tabaci definition of bemisia tabaci by the free.
Whitefly, bemisia tabaci gennadius, is polyhagous pest known to feed and transmit viral diseases to more than 600 plant species worldwide. Aleyrodidae is one of the worlds top 100 invasive organisms found on over 900 host plants all around the world. In whitefly of the world, a systematic catalog of the aleyrodidae homoptera with host plant and natural enemy data. Aleyrodidae biotype b and their implication to field sample population data. Aleyrodidae, is a polyphagous pest of vegetable and ornamental crops, with a wide distribution that encompasses all tropical and subtropical regions of the world, and a reported host range including over 500 plant species 1. Detection of bemisia tabaci gennadius q biotype in. Twenty years ago in 1986, florida experienced outbreaks of what is now known as bemisia tabaci biotype b, first in greenhouse poinsettia, then in a wide diversity of vegetable, ornamental and agronomic crops throughout the state.
Insecticidal control and resistance management for bemisia tabaci. The program provides guidance on best management practices, including scouting, sanitation, exclusion, biological control, and. Page designed through the cooperative efforts of interagency itis teams. Bemisia tabaci populations from different locations and their respective host plants. Photograph by james castner, university of florida. Improved dna barcoding method for bemisia tabaci and related aleyrodidae. Although several species of whitefly may cause some crop losses simply by sucking sap when they are very numerous, the major harm they do is. The whiteflies bemisia tabaci and trialeurodes vaporariorum hemiptera aleyrodidae are harmful pests of vegetable and. Research on the bemisia pest problems over the past 25 years has shown that the species called bemisia tabaci is actually a number of biotypes or races. Retrospective evaluation of the biological control program.
Numbers following the localities correspond to the numbers indicated in the map figure 1. The behavior of these forms as part of the process of shortrange migration was examined under field conditions. The whitefly bemisia tabaci gennadius is a genetically diverse complex containing some of the most destructive invasive pests of many ornamental and glasshouse crops worldwide 1, 2. Med wf detections 2016 includes the first residential landscape and field detections pdf file. Invasive mechanism and management strategy of bemisia tabaci. Localized migration and dispersal by the sweet potato. Bemisia tabaci gennadius and greenhouse whitefly, between insects and plants 6. This study aimed to trialeurodes vaporariorum westwood, respectively. The refseq genome records for bemisia tabaci were annotated by the ncbi eukaryotic genome annotation pipeline, an automated pipeline that annotates genes, transcripts and proteins on draft and finished genome assemblies. The activity of natural enemies can be exploited by employing proper conservation and augmentation techniques. Abstract after the 2004 discovery of the bemisia tabaci gennadius hemiptera.
Aleyrodidae byrne and miller 1990 and cotton whitefly b. Pdf bemisia tabaci has long been considered a complex species. Your use of this pdf, the bioone web site, and all posted and associated content indicates. The sweet potato whitefly, bemisia tabaci hemiptera. The ratio between these and fertilised eggs changes with various conditions, ashasbeen shown by several workers who conducted sexratio counts under field conditions.
Rapid identification of trialeurodes vaporariorum, bemisia tabaci. Shatters jr rg, powell ca, boykin lm, liansheng h, mckenzie cl. Silverleaf whitefly, bemisia tabaci predators such as lacewing larvae, lady beetles and larvae, mites, and spiders naturally control silverleaf whitefly populations. Aleyrodidae, is an important pest of agricultural and horticultural crops in temperate and tropical regions worldwide. Bemisia tabaci is an extremely polyphagous pest that causes direct damage and can act as a vector of viral plant diseases. Trialeurodes vaporariorum, greenhouse whitefly, a major pest of greenhouse fruit, vegetables, and ornamentals. Mortality factors affecting populations of sweetpotato. The whitefly, bemisia tabaci, is one of the most prolific pests of vegetables and ornamentals throughout the world. For publication in journals, books or magazines, permission should be obtained from the original photographers with a. In this report, the invasive mechanism and management of b. Life cycle of bemisia tabaci features of the fourth instar nymph of b. Review article biological control of bemisia tabaci using. The genus bemisia contains 37 species and is thought to have originated from asia mound and halsey, 1978. Bemisia tabaci, being possibly of indian origin fishpool and burban, 1994, was described under numerous names before its morphological variability was recognised.
Bemisia tabaci gennadius biotype b, called a superbug, is one of the most harmful biotypes of this species complex worldwide. The host plant preference varies among the host plants. Tomato yellow leaf curl china virus tylccnv affects b. Distribution of bemisia tabaci midflorida research and education. The bemisia middle eastasia minor 1 meam1, or b cryptic species is highly invasive and has emerged as a ma jor pest in the united states, caribbean basin, latin america. Issn 23207078 structure of the whitefly bemisia tabaci. Aleyrodidae q biotype in the united states, there was an urgent need to determine its distribution. Performance assessment of cotton cultivars against population dynamics of bemisia tabaci and thrips tabaci. Bemisia tabaci gennadius or bemisia argentifolii bellows. Host plants bemisia tabaci feeds on an extremely wide. Among the most important plant viruses to be transmitted by b.
Several species of parasitoid wasps have also proven to be effective biological control agents. In many agronomic and vegetable cropping systems the use of insecticides is the primary strategy employed to control bemisia tabaci. Soon similar outbreaks were reported from other states and. Biological traits and life table parameters a and b biotype. The ecology of the bemisia tabacicassavaafrican cassava mosaic virus acmv. There has been some confusion when referring to the different whitefly species andor biotypes of bemisia. Considerable research has been done on the taxonomy of bemisia tabaci, and perring 2001 proposed 7 distinct groups within the complex. The contribution of conservation biological control to integrated control of bemisia tabaci in cottonq steven e. Hosted by the usgs core science analytics and synthesis. Q biotype whiteflies, more properly known as bemisia tabaci. Abstract distribution and biotypes of bemisia tabaci gennadius hemiptera. Bemisia tabaci translation latinenglish dictionary.
Bemisia tabaci, silverleaf whitefly, is a pest of many agricultural and ornamental crops. In addition to direct feeding damage by adults and nymphs, the insect is known to vector over 110 plant viruses, causes debilitating plant. The silverleaf whitefly bemisia tabaci, also informally referred to as the sweet potato whitefly is one of several species of whitefly that are currently important agricultural pests. Genetic diversity of bemisia tabaci 219 table i host plants, sites where whitefly populations were collected, b. The past three decades have witnessed a dramatic increase in interest in the whitefly bemisia tabaci, owing to its nature as a taxonomically cryptic species, the damage it causes to a large number of herbaceous plants because of its specialized feeding in the phloem, and to its ability to serve as a vector of plant viruses. Biological control of bemisia tabaci using predators and. Epg signals were digitized with a di710ul analoguetodigital converter dataq instruments, akron, oh, the usa, and the output was acquired. All photos included on this page can only be used for educational purposes. The use of climate matching to direct foreign exploration led to discovery of b. Bemisia tabaci bemitadocuments eppo global database.
Jan 19, 2009 bemisia tabaci gennadius biotype b, called a superbug, is one of the most harmful biotypes of this species complex worldwide. This has been particularly evident in the united states during the past decade where b. The species complex colonizes more than 600 different species of plants, transmits many plant viruses, feeds on phloem sap, and promotes the growth of damaging. Pdf thermal requirements for development of bemisia. The silverleaf whitefly, formerly known as bemisia tabaci biotype b, but now widely known as middle eastasia minor 1 species was first identified as a new strain of b. Transcriptome profiling of the whitefly bemisia tabaci. Insects were marked in a field of melons using fluorescent dust during two consecutive growing seasons. Bemisia tabaci noun a strain of pest accidentally imported into florida from the middle east then spread to california where it is a very serious pest feeding on almost all vegetable crops and poinsettias. Crop protection 25 2006 574584 concentration and management of bemisia tabaci in cantaloupe as a trap crop for cotton s. Feeding by adults and larvae causes chlorotic spotting, growth distortion, and premature leaf drop. Thermal requirements for development of bemisia tabaci hemiptera. Bemisia tabaci may be native to india but the evidence is inconclusive, and it is now cosmopolitan. Concentration and management of bemisia tabaci in cantaloupe.
Ellsworthb a usdaars, aridland agricultural research center, 21881 north cardon lane, maricopa, az 858, usa. For publication in journals, books or magazines, permission should be obtained from the original photographers with a copy to eppo. Changes in bemisia tabaci feeding behaviors caused directly and. Experiment bethke 2005a bethke 2005b gilrein 2005 oetting 2005a oetting 2005b gilrein 2006a gilrein 2006b oetting 2006b oetting 2007e oetting 2008e gilrein 2009a gilrein 2009b initial population level of untreated per leaf na na 2.
Dna barcode development for three recent exotic whitefly. African ancestry of new world, bemisia tabaci whitefly species. It causes damage directly by feeding and indirectly by honeydew egestion and virus transmission. A retrospective evaluation of the biological control program for bemisia tabaci biotype b in the u. Chemical control of the whitefly bemisia tabaci gennadius, and its effeci on tomato yellow leaf curl virus summary laboratoly and field expreriments were conducted during 197880 to evaluate the effectiveness of arganophosphor. Whitefly bemisia tabaci management program for ornamental plants 3 economic impacts of whitefly invasion, a consortium of entomologists from different organizations developed the whitefly management program in 2006. The first nymphal instar is capable of limited movement and is called the crawler. Behavioral responses of whitefly, bemisia tabaci hemiptera. Changes in bemisia tabaci feeding behaviors caused. Pdf bemisia tabaci gennadius currently is believed to be a species complex, with many biotypes and two described extant cryptic species.
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